Alice's adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll- page 61

'Then you may SIT down,' the King replied.

• Then: at that time; after that [ðɛn]
• you: second-person singular pronoun [ju]
• may: expressing possibility or permission [meɪ]
• SIT: to rest with the body supported by the buttocks or thighs [sɪt]
• down: to move to a lower level or position [daʊn]
• the: definite article; referring to a specific thing [ðə]
• King: a male monarch; the ruler of a kingdom [kɪŋ]
• replied: past tense of 'reply'; answered [rɪˈplaɪd]

Here the other guinea-pig cheered, and was suppressed.

• Here: in or at this place [hir]
• the: definite article; referring to a specific thing [ðə]
• other: different from the one mentioned or known [ˈəðər]
• guinea-pig: a small, tailless rodent [guinea-pig]
• cheered: past tense of 'cheer'; shouted with joy or approval [ʧɪrd]
• and: conjunction; connecting words or clauses [ənd]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• suppressed: forcibly put an end to [səˈprɛst]

'Come, that finished the guinea-pigs!' thought Alice. 'Now we shall get on better.'

• Come: used to express encouragement or impatience [kəm]
• that: referring to something previously mentioned [ðət]
• finished: past tense of 'finish'; brought to an end [ˈfɪnɪʃt]
• the: definite article; referring to a specific thing [ðə]
• guinea-pigs: plural of guinea-pig; small, tailless rodents [guinea-pigs]
• thought: past tense of 'think'; had a particular idea or opinion [θɔt]
• Alice: name of the character [ˈælɪs]
• Now: at the present time [naʊ]
• we: first-person plural pronoun [wi]
• shall: expressing future tense or intention [ʃæl]
• get: to come to have; receive [gɪt]
• on: to proceed or continue [ɔn]
• better: in a more excellent or pleasing way [ˈbɛtər]

'I'd rather finish my tea,' said the Hatter, with an anxious look at the Queen, who was reading the list of singers.

• I'd: contraction of 'I would', expressing a preference [aɪd]
• rather: preferably; more willingly [ˈrəðər]
• finish: to complete or bring to an end [ˈfɪnɪʃ]
• my tea: the tea that belongs to the speaker [maɪ ti]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking [sɛd]
• the Hatter: referring to a character known as the Hatter [ðə ˈhætər]
• with: indicating accompaniment or manner [wɪθ]
• an anxious look: a worried or concerned expression [ən ˈæŋʃəs lʊk]
• at: indicating direction of the look [æt]
• the Queen: referring to a character known as the Queen [ðə kwin]
• who: relative pronoun referring to the Queen [hu]
• was reading: past continuous tense of 'read', indicating an ongoing action [wɑz ˈrɛdɪŋ]
• the list: a compilation of items or names [ðə lɪst]
• of singers: people who sing [əv ˈsɪŋərz]

'You may go,' said the King, and the Hatter hurriedly left the court, without even waiting to put his shoes on.

• You: referring to the Hatter [ju]
• may go: permission to leave [meɪ goʊ]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking [sɛd]
• the King: referring to a character known as the King [ðə kɪŋ]
• and: conjunction connecting two clauses [ənd]
• the Hatter: referring to the character known as the Hatter [ðə ˈhætər]
• hurriedly: quickly; in a rushed manner [ˈhəridli]
• left: past tense of 'leave', meaning to depart [lɛft]
• the court: the place where legal proceedings take place [ðə kɔrt]
• without: not having or doing something [wɪˈθaʊt]
• even: used to emphasize something unexpected [ˈivɪn]
• waiting: staying in place until something happens [ˈweɪtɪŋ]
• to put: to place or wear [tɪ pʊt]
• his shoes: footwear belonging to the Hatter [hɪz ʃuz]
• on: indicating the act of wearing [ɔn]

'—and just take his head off outside,' the Queen added to one of the officers: but the Hatter was out of sight before the officer could get to the door.

• and: continuing a previous statement [-ənd]
• just: simply; only [ʤɪst]
• take: to remove or seize [teɪk]
• his head: the Hatter's head [hɪz hɛd]
• off: to sever or remove [ɔf]
• outside: in the open air; not inside [ˈaʊtˈsaɪd]
• the Queen: referring to the character known as the Queen [ðə kwin]
• added: past tense of 'add', meaning to say something more [ˈædɪd]
• to: indicating the recipient of the statement [tɪ]
• one: a single person [wən]
• of the officers: referring to a member of the military or law enforcement [əv ðə ˈɔfɪsərz]
• but: conjunction indicating contrast [bət]
• the Hatter: referring to the character known as the Hatter [ðə ˈhætər]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• out of sight: not visible; beyond the range of vision [aʊt əv saɪt]
• before: earlier than [ˌbiˈfɔr]
• the officer: referring to the officer mentioned earlier [ðə ˈɔfɪsər]
• could get: was able to reach [kʊd gɪt]
• to the door: towards the exit [tɪ ðə dɔr]

'Call the next witness!' said the King.

• Call: to summon or request the presence of [kɔl]
• the next witness: the person scheduled to testify after the current one [ðə nɛkst ˈwɪtnəs]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking [sɛd]
• the King: referring to the character known as the King [ðə kɪŋ]

The next witness was the Duchess's cook.

• The next witness: The person who will testify after the current one [ðə nɛkst ˈwɪtnəs]
• was: past tense of the verb 'to be' [wɑz]
• the Duchess's cook: The cook who works for the Duchess [ðə duchesss kʊk]

She carried the pepper-box in her hand, and Alice guessed who it was, even before she got into the court, by the way the people near the door began sneezing all at once.

• She: Referring to the Duchess's cook [ʃi]
• carried: Past tense of 'carry', meaning to hold and transport [ˈkɛrid]
• the pepper-box: A container for pepper [ðə pepper-box]
• in her hand: Holding it in her hand [ɪn hər hænd]
• and: Conjunction connecting two clauses [ənd]
• Alice: Referring to the character Alice [ˈælɪs]
• guessed: Past tense of 'guess', meaning to estimate or predict [gɛst]
• who it was: Who the next witness was [hu ɪt wɑz]
• even: Used to emphasize something unexpected [ˈivɪn]
• before: Earlier than [ˌbiˈfɔr]
• she got: She arrived [ʃi gɑt]
• into the court: Inside the courtroom [ˈɪntu ðə kɔrt]
• by: Indicating the reason or cause [baɪ]
• the way: The manner or method [ðə weɪ]
• the people: The individuals [ðə ˈpipəl]
• near the door: Close to the entrance [nɪr ðə dɔr]
• began: Past tense of 'begin', meaning to start [bɪˈgæn]
• sneezing: Expelling air involuntarily through the nose and mouth [sˈnizɪŋ]
• all at once: Simultaneously; at the same time [ɔl æt wəns]

'Give your evidence,' said the King.

• Give your evidence: An imperative sentence commanding someone to present their proof or testimony. [gɪv jʊr ˈɛvədəns]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• the King: identifies the speaker as the King. [ðə kɪŋ]

'Shan't,' said the cook.

• Shan't: A contraction of 'shall not', indicating a refusal to do something. [shant]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• the cook: identifies the speaker as the cook. [ðə kʊk]

The King looked anxiously at the White Rabbit, who said in a low voice, 'Your Majesty must cross-examine THIS witness.'

• The King: Referring to the King, the character in the story. [ðə kɪŋ]
• looked: Past tense of 'look', meaning to direct one's gaze. [lʊkt]
• anxiously: In a worried or uneasy manner. [ˈæŋkʃəsli]
• at: Preposition indicating direction of the look. [æt]
• the White Rabbit: Referring to the White Rabbit, a character in the story. [ðə waɪt ˈræbɪt]
• who: Relative pronoun referring back to the White Rabbit. [hu]
• said: Past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• in a low voice: Speaking quietly or softly. [ɪn ə loʊ vɔɪs]
• Your Majesty: A formal title used when addressing a king or queen. [jʊr ˈmæʤəsti]
• must: Expressing necessity or obligation. [məst]
• cross-examine: To question a witness already examined by the opposing side. [cross-examine]
• THIS: Emphasizing the particular witness being referred to. [ðɪs]
• witness: A person who gives evidence in a court of law. [ˈwɪtnəs]

'Well, if I must, I must,' the King said, with a melancholy air, and, after folding his arms and frowning at the cook till his eyes were nearly out of sight, he said in a deep voice, 'What are tarts made of?'

• Well: An interjection used to express hesitation, surprise, or resignation. [wɛl]
• if I must, I must: Expressing reluctant acceptance of an obligation. [ɪf aɪ məst aɪ məst]
• the King: Referring to the King, the character in the story. [ðə kɪŋ]
• said: Past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• with a melancholy air: With a sad or gloomy demeanor. [wɪθ ə ˈmɛlənˌkɑli ɛr]
• and: Conjunction connecting two clauses. [ənd]
• after: Preposition indicating sequence in time. [ˈæftər]
• folding: Bending or creasing something so that one part lies on top of another. [ˈfoʊldɪŋ]
• his arms: Referring to the King's arms. [hɪz ɑrmz]
• and: Conjunction connecting two actions. [ənd]
• frowning: Furrowing one's brow in an expression of disapproval, concentration, or thoughtfulness. [ˈfraʊnɪŋ]
• at: Preposition indicating direction of the frown. [æt]
• the cook: Referring to the cook, a character in the story. [ðə kʊk]
• till: Up to the point in time when. [tɪl]
• his eyes: Referring to the King's eyes. [hɪz aɪz]
• were: Past tense of 'be', linking the subject to the description. [wər]
• nearly: Almost, close to. [ˈnɪrli]
• out of sight: Not visible. [aʊt əv saɪt]
• he: Pronoun referring to the King. [hi]
• said: Past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• in a deep voice: Speaking in a low-pitched tone. [ɪn ə dip vɔɪs]
• What: Interrogative pronoun used to ask a question about the nature of something. [wət]
• are: Present tense of 'be', linking the subject to the description. [ər]
• tarts: A baked dish consisting of a filling over a pastry base. [tɑrts]
• made of: Composed of; what are the ingredients. [meɪd əv]

'Pepper, mostly,' said the cook.

• Pepper: A pungent, hot-tasting spice made from peppercorns. [ˈpɛpər]
• mostly: Mainly; for the most part. [ˈmoʊstli]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• the cook: identifies the speaker as the cook. [ðə kʊk]

'Treacle,' said a sleepy voice behind her.

• Treacle: A thick, sticky, dark syrup made from partly refined sugar. [treacle]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who is speaking. [sɛd]
• a sleepy voice: A voice indicating that the speaker is tired or drowsy. [ə sˈlipi vɔɪs]
• behind her: Located at the back of the cook. [bɪˈhaɪnd hər]

'Collar that Dormouse,' the Queen shrieked out. 'Behead that Dormouse!

• Collar: To seize or arrest someone, typically by the collar. [ˈkɑlər]
• that: Specifying a particular Dormouse. [ðət]
• Dormouse: A small, nocturnal rodent known for hibernating. [ˈdɔrˌmaʊs]
• the Queen: Referring to the Queen, a character in the story. [ðə kwin]
• shrieked: Past tense of 'shriek', meaning to utter a loud, piercing cry. [ʃrikt]
• out: Emphasizing the loudness of the shriek. [aʊt]
• Behead: To cut off the head of someone, especially as a form of execution. [bɪˈhɛd]
• that: Specifying a particular Dormouse. [ðət]
• Dormouse: A small, nocturnal rodent known for hibernating. [ˈdɔrˌmaʊs]

Turn that Dormouse out of court!

• Turn: To cause to move around an axis or center. [tərn]
• that: Specifying a particular Dormouse. [ðət]
• Dormouse: A small, nocturnal rodent known for hibernating. [ˈdɔrˌmaʊs]
• out of court: To remove someone from the courtroom. [aʊt əv kɔrt]

Suppress him!

• Suppress: To forcibly put an end to something. [səˈprɛs]
• him: Referring to the Dormouse. [ɪm]

Pinch him!

• Pinch: To squeeze someone's skin between your thumb and finger, usually causing pain. [pɪnʧ]
• him: Referring to the Dormouse. [ɪm]

For some minutes the whole court was in confusion, getting the Dormouse turned out, and, by the time they had settled down again, the cook had disappeared.

• For some minutes: lasting a short period of time [fər səm ˈmɪnəts]
• the whole court: entire courtroom, including all present [ðə hoʊl kɔrt]
• was in confusion: a state of disorder and lack of clarity [wɑz ɪn kənfˈjuʒən]
• getting the Dormouse turned out: removing the Dormouse from the court, likely due to disruptive behavior [ˈgɪtɪŋ ðə ˈdɔrˌmaʊs tərnd aʊt]
• and, by the time: after a certain period [ənd baɪ ðə taɪm]
• they had settled down again: the court had returned to order [ðeɪ hæd ˈsɛtəld daʊn əˈgɛn]
• the cook had disappeared: the cook was no longer present [ðə kʊk hæd ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd]

'Never mind!' said the King, with an air of great relief. 'Call the next witness.' And he added in an undertone to the Queen, 'Really, my dear, YOU must cross-examine the next witness.

• Never mind: do not worry or be concerned [ˈnɛvər maɪnd]
• said the King: spoken by the King [sɛd ðə kɪŋ]
• with an air of great relief: showing a noticeable feeling of comfort and ease [wɪθ ən ɛr əv greɪt rɪˈlif]
• Call the next witness: summon the next person to testify [kɔl ðə nɛkst ˈwɪtnəs]
• And he added: furthermore, he said [ənd hi ˈædɪd]
• in an undertone: speaking quietly [ɪn ən ˈəndərˌtoʊn]
• to the Queen: addressing the Queen [tɪ ðə kwin]
• Really, my dear: an expression of exasperation or mild annoyance [ˈrɪli maɪ dɪr]
• YOU must cross-examine the next witness: it is imperative that you question the next person to testify [ju məst cross-examine ðə nɛkst ˈwɪtnəs]

Alice watched the White Rabbit as he fumbled over the list, feeling very curious to see what the next witness would be like, '—for they haven't got much evidence YET,' she said to herself.

• Alice watched: Alice observed [ˈælɪs wɔʧt]
• the White Rabbit: a character in the story, a rabbit with white fur [ðə waɪt ˈræbɪt]
• as he fumbled over the list: struggling to handle the list [ɛz hi ˈfəmbəld ˈoʊvər ðə lɪst]
• feeling very curious: having a strong desire to know [ˈfilɪŋ ˈvɛri ˈkjʊriəs]
• to see what the next witness would be like: to discover the nature of the next person to testify [tɪ si wət ðə nɛkst ˈwɪtnəs wʊd bi laɪk]
• for they haven't got much evidence YET: because they do not have sufficient proof at this point [-fər ðeɪ ˈhævənt gɑt məʧ ˈɛvədəns jɛt]
• she said to herself: she thought privately [ʃi sɛd tɪ hərˈsɛlf]