Animal Farm by George Orwell- page 33

Afterwards Squealer made a round of the farm and set the animals’ minds at rest.

• Afterwards: after a particular time or event [ˈæftərwərdz]
• Squealer: name of a character, often implying someone who betrays or informs [squealer]
• made a round of: visited all parts of a place [meɪd ə raʊnd əv]
• the farm: a piece of land used for growing crops or raising animals [ðə fɑrm]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• set the animals’ minds at rest: reassured the animals; calmed their worries [sɛt ðə ˈænəməlz maɪndz æt rɛst]

He assured them that the resolution against engaging in trade and using money had never been passed, or even suggested.

• He: referring to Squealer [hi]
• assured: told someone something positively to dispel any doubts [əˈʃʊrd]
• them: referring to the animals [ðɛm]
• that: introducing a subordinate clause [ðət]
• the resolution: a formal expression of opinion or intention made, usually after voting, by a formal organization or meeting [ðə ˌrɛzəˈluʃən]
• against: in opposition to [əˈgɛnst]
• engaging in trade: participating in buying and selling goods or services [ɪnˈgeɪʤɪŋ ɪn treɪd]
• and: connecting two related activities [ənd]
• using money: employing currency as a medium of exchange [ˈjuzɪŋ ˈməni]
• had never been passed: had never been formally approved or adopted [hæd ˈnɛvər bɪn pæst]
• or: used to link alternatives [ər]
• even: used to emphasize something unexpected or surprising [ˈivɪn]
• suggested: put forward for consideration [səˈʤɛstɪd]

It was pure imagination, probably traceable in the beginning to lies circulated by Snowball.

• It: referring to the idea of the resolution [ɪt]
• was: past tense of 'is' [wɑz]
• pure: not mixed or adulterated with any other substance or material [pjʊr]
• imagination: the faculty or action of forming new ideas, or images or concepts of external objects not present to the senses [ˌɪˌmæʤəˈneɪʃən]
• probably: used to indicate that something is likely but not certain [ˈprɑbəˌbli]
• traceable: able to be followed back to its origin or cause [ˈtreɪsəbəl]
• in the beginning: at the start [ɪn ðə bɪˈgɪnɪŋ]
• to: indicating the direction or location of something [tɪ]
• lies: false statements made with deliberate intent to deceive [laɪz]
• circulated: passed or disseminated widely [ˈsərkjəˌleɪtɪd]
• by: indicating the agent performing an action [baɪ]
• Snowball: name of a character, often implying someone who is blamed or scapegoated [sˈnoʊˌbɔl]

A few animals still felt faintly doubtful, but Squealer asked them shrewdly, ‘Are you certain that this is not something that you have dreamed, comrades?

• A few animals: some of the animals [ə fju ˈænəməlz]
• still: continuing to do something or continuing to be the case [stɪl]
• felt: experienced an emotion or sensation [fɛlt]
• faintly: slightly or not strongly [ˈfeɪntli]
• doubtful: feeling uncertainty or lack of conviction [ˈdaʊtfəl]
• but: used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts something that has been said previously [bət]
• Squealer: referring to the character Squealer [squealer]
• asked: put a question to someone [æst]
• them: referring to the animals [ðɛm]
• shrewdly: in a way that shows sharp powers of judgment; astutely [ʃˈrudli]
• Are you certain: are you sure [‘‘are ju ˈsərtən]
• that: introducing a clause [ðət]
• this: referring to the situation or memory [ðɪs]
• is: present tense of 'be' [ɪz]
• not: used to form a negative statement [nɑt]
• something: an unspecified thing [ˈsəmθɪŋ]
• that: introducing a relative clause [ðət]
• you: referring to the animals [ju]
• have dreamed: experienced in a dream [hæv drimd]
• comrades: fellow members of an organization or movement; friends [ˈkɑmˌrædz]

Have you any record of such a resolution?

• Have: auxiliary verb used to form the perfect tense [hæv]
• you: referring to the animals [ju]
• any: used to refer to one or some of a thing or number of things, no matter how much [ˈɛni]
• record: a thing constituting a piece of evidence about the past, especially an account kept in writing or some other permanent form [ˈrɛkərd]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• such a resolution: a resolution of that kind [səʧ ə ˌrɛzəˈluʃən]

Is it written down anywhere?’ And since it was certainly true that nothing of the kind existed in writing, the animals were satisfied that they had been mistaken.

• Is: present tense of 'be' [ɪz]
• it: referring to the resolution [ɪt]
• written down: recorded in writing [ˈrɪtən daʊn]
• anywhere: in or to any place [ˈɛniˌwɛr]
• And: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• since: because [sɪns]
• it: referring to the fact that no written record existed [ɪt]
• was: past tense of 'is' [wɑz]
• certainly: without doubt; definitely [ˈsərtənli]
• true: in accordance with fact or reality [tru]
• that: introducing a clause [ðət]
• nothing: not anything; no single thing [ˈnəθɪŋ]
• of the kind: of that type [əv ðə kaɪnd]
• existed: had objective reality or being [ɪgˈzɪstəd]
• in writing: in a written form [ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ]
• the animals: referring to the animals on the farm [ðə ˈænəməlz]
• were satisfied: were convinced or content [wər ˈsætɪsˌfaɪd]
• that: introducing a clause [ðət]
• they: referring to the animals [ðeɪ]
• had been mistaken: had been wrong [hæd bɪn mɪˈsteɪkən]

Every Monday Mr Whymper visited the farm as had been arranged.

• Every Monday: refers to each Monday; indicates a recurring event on Mondays [ˈɛvəri ˈmənˌdeɪ]
• Mr Whymper: the name of a character, a human who acts as an intermediary [ˈmɪstər whymper]
• visited: went to see; paid a visit to [ˈvɪzɪtɪd]
• the farm: referring to Animal Farm, the setting of the story [ðə fɑrm]
• as had been arranged: according to a prior agreement or plan [ɛz hæd bɪn əreɪnʤd]

He was a sly-looking little man with side whiskers, a solicitor in a very small way of business, but sharp enough to have realised earlier than anyone else that Animal Farm would need a broker and that the commissions would be worth having.

• He: referring to Mr. Whymper [hi]
• was: past tense of the verb 'to be' [wɑz]
• a sly-looking: having a deceptive or cunning appearance [ə sly-looking]
• little man: a man of short stature [ˈlɪtəl mæn]
• with side whiskers: facial hair growing on the sides of the face [wɪθ saɪd ˈwɪskərz]
• a solicitor: a lawyer; a person qualified to give legal advice [ə səˈlɪsətər]
• in a very small way of business: operating a small and perhaps insignificant business [ɪn ə ˈvɛri smɔl weɪ əv ˈbɪznɪs]
• but sharp enough: intelligent and astute enough [bət ʃɑrp ɪˈnəf]
• to have realised: to have understood or become aware of [tɪ hæv ˈriəˌlaɪzd]
• earlier than anyone else: before any other person [ˈərliər ðən ˈɛniˌwən ɛls]
• that Animal Farm: the name of the farm, representing the animal-run society [ðət ˈænəməl fɑrm]
• would need: would require [wʊd nid]
• a broker: an intermediary or agent, especially in business [ə ˈbroʊkər]
• and that: connecting the previous idea to the following one [ənd ðət]
• the commissions: payments or fees earned for brokering deals [ðə kəˈmɪʃənz]
• would be worth having: would be profitable or beneficial to obtain [wʊd bi wərθ ˈhævɪŋ]

The animals watched his coming and going with a kind of dread, and avoided him as much as possible.

• The animals: referring to the inhabitants of Animal Farm [ðə ˈænəməlz]
• watched: observed; looked at [wɔʧt]
• his coming and going: his arrivals and departures [hɪz ˈkəmɪŋ ənd goʊɪŋ]
• with a kind of dread: with a feeling of fear or apprehension [wɪθ ə kaɪnd əv drɛd]
• and avoided him: stayed away from him; kept their distance [ənd əˈvɔɪdɪd ɪm]
• as much as possible: to the greatest extent they could [ɛz məʧ ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl]

Nevertheless, the sight of Napoleon, on all fours, delivering orders to Whymper, who stood on two legs, roused their pride and partly reconciled them to the new arrangement.

• Nevertheless: however; despite what has just been said [ˌnɛvərðəˈlɛs]
• the sight of Napoleon: seeing Napoleon, a pig and leader on the farm [ðə saɪt əv nəˈpoʊljən]
• on all fours: with both hands and feet on the ground [ɔn ɔl fɔrz]
• delivering orders: giving instructions or commands [dɪˈlɪvərɪŋ ˈɔrdərz]
• to Whymper: to Mr. Whymper [tɪ whymper]
• who stood: who was standing [hu stʊd]
• on two legs: upright, in a human-like posture [ɔn tu lɛgz]
• roused their pride: made them feel proud [raʊzd ðɛr praɪd]
• and partly reconciled them: and partially made them accept [ənd ˈpɑrtli ˈrɛkənˌsaɪld ðɛm]
• to the new arrangement: to the new situation or system [tɪ ðə nu ərˈeɪnʤmənt]

Their relations with the human race were now not quite the same as they had been before.

• Their relations: the way they interacted or dealt with each other [ðɛr riˈleɪʃənz]
• with the human race: with all humans [wɪθ ðə ˈjumən reɪs]
• were now: at the present time [wər naʊ]
• not quite the same: slightly different [nɑt kwaɪt ðə seɪm]
• as they had been before: compared to how they were previously [ɛz ðeɪ hæd bɪn ˌbiˈfɔr]

The human beings did not hate Animal Farm any less now that it was prospering, indeed they hated it more than ever.

• The human beings: the humans [ðə ˈjumən biɪŋz]
• did not hate: did not dislike intensely [dɪd nɑt heɪt]
• Animal Farm: the farm run by animals [ˈænəməl fɑrm]
• any less: not to a smaller degree [ˈɛni lɛs]
• now that: since; because [naʊ ðət]
• it was prospering: it was becoming successful and wealthy [ɪt wɑz ˈprɑspərɪŋ]
• indeed: in fact; actually [ˌɪnˈdid]
• they hated it: they disliked it intensely [ðeɪ ˈheɪtɪd ɪt]
• more than ever: to a greater extent than at any previous time [mɔr ðən ˈɛvər]

Every human being held it as an article of faith that the farm would go bankrupt sooner or later, and, above all; that the windmill would be a failure.

• Every human being: each human [ˈɛvəri ˈjumən biɪŋ]
• held it: believed it [hɛld ɪt]
• as an article of faith: as a firmly held belief [ɛz ən ˈɑrtɪkəl əv feɪθ]
• that the farm: Animal Farm [ðət ðə fɑrm]
• would go bankrupt: would become financially ruined [wʊd goʊ ˈbæŋkrəpt]
• sooner or later: at some point in the future [ˈsunər ər ˈleɪtər]
• and, above all: most importantly [ənd əˈbəv ɔl]
• that the windmill: the windmill on the farm [ðət ðə ˈwɪndˌmɪl]
• would be a failure: would not succeed [wʊd bi ə ˈfeɪljər]

They would meet in the public-houses and prove to one another by means of diagrams that the windmill was bound to fall down, or that if it did stand up, then that it would never work.

• They: the human beings [ðeɪ]
• would meet: would gather together [wʊd mit]
• in the public-houses: in pubs or bars [ɪn ðə public-houses]
• and prove: demonstrate; show [ənd pruv]
• to one another: to each other [tɪ wən əˈnəðər]
• by means of diagrams: using drawings or charts [baɪ minz əv ˈdaɪəˌgræmz]
• that the windmill: the windmill [ðət ðə ˈwɪndˌmɪl]
• was bound to fall down: was certain to collapse [wɑz baʊnd tɪ fɔl daʊn]
• or that: or alternatively [ər ðət]
• if it did stand up: if it remained upright [ɪf ɪt dɪd stænd əp]
• then that: then [ðɛn ðət]
• it would never work: it would not function [ɪt wʊd ˈnɛvər wərk]

And yet, against their will, they had developed a certain respect for the efficiency with which the animals were managing their own affairs.

• And yet: despite this; however [ənd jɛt]
• against their will: contrary to their desires [əˈgɛnst ðɛr wɪl]
• they had developed: they had formed [ðeɪ hæd dɪˈvɛləpt]
• a certain respect: some degree of admiration [ə ˈsərtən rɪˈspɛkt]
• for the efficiency: for the ability to avoid wasting materials, energy, efforts, money, and time in doing something or in producing a desired result [fər ðə ɪˈfɪʃənsi]
• with which: how [wɪθ wɪʧ]
• the animals: the animals on Animal Farm [ðə ˈænəməlz]
• were managing: were handling; were in charge of [wər ˈmænəʤɪŋ]
• their own affairs: their own business or matters [ðɛr oʊn əˈfɛrz]

One symptom of this was that they had begun to call Animal Farm by its proper name and ceased to pretend that it was called the Manor Farm.

• One symptom: one sign or indication [wən ˈsɪmptəm]
• of this: of this respect [əv ðɪs]
• was that: was the fact that [wɑz ðət]
• they had begun: they had started [ðeɪ hæd ˈbeɪgən]
• to call Animal Farm: to refer to Animal Farm [tɪ kɔl ˈænəməl fɑrm]
• by its proper name: by its correct name [baɪ ɪts ˈprɑpər neɪm]
• and ceased: and stopped [ənd sist]
• to pretend: to act as if [tɪ priˈtɛnd]
• that it was called: that its name was [ðət ɪt wɑz kɔld]
• the Manor Farm: the original name of the farm [ðə ˈmænər fɑrm]

They had also dropped their championship of Jones, who had given up hope of getting his farm back and gone to live in another part of the county.

• They had also dropped: they had also stopped [ðeɪ hæd ˈɔlsoʊ drɑpt]
• their championship of Jones: their support for Mr. Jones, the former owner [ðɛr ˈʧæmpiənˌʃɪp əv ʤoʊnz]
• who had given up hope: who had lost all hope [hu hæd ˈgɪvɪn əp hoʊp]
• of getting his farm back: of regaining ownership of his farm [əv ˈgɪtɪŋ hɪz fɑrm bæk]
• and gone: and had gone [ənd gɔn]
• to live: to reside [tɪ lɪv]
• in another part: in a different area [ɪn əˈnəðər pɑrt]
• of the county: of the region [əv ðə ˈkaʊnti]

Except through Whymper there was as yet no contact between Animal Farm and the outside world, but there were constant rumours that Napoleon was about to enter into a definite business agreement either with Mr Pilkington of Foxwood or with Mr Frederick of Pinchfield – but never, it was noticed, with both simultaneously.

• Except through Whymper: only through Mr. Whymper [ɪkˈsɛpt θru whymper]
• there was: there existed [ðɛr wɑz]
• as yet: up to this point [ɛz jɛt]
• no contact: no communication or interaction [noʊ ˈkɑnˌtækt]
• between Animal Farm: between Animal Farm [bɪtˈwin ˈænəməl fɑrm]
• and the outside world: and the world beyond the farm [ənd ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd wərld]
• but there were: but there existed [bət ðɛr wər]
• constant rumours: frequent stories or reports [ˈkɑnstənt ˈrumərz]
• that Napoleon: that Napoleon, the pig leader [ðət nəˈpoʊljən]
• was about to enter: was on the verge of making [wɑz əˈbaʊt tɪ ˈɛnər]
• into a definite business agreement: into a firm business deal [ˈɪntu ə ˈdɛfənət ˈbɪznɪs əˈgrimənt]
• either with Mr Pilkington: either with Mr. Pilkington [ˈiðər wɪθ ˈmɪstər ˈpɪlkɪŋtən]
• of Foxwood: from Foxwood farm [əv ˈfɑksˌwʊd]
• or with Mr Frederick: or with Mr. Frederick [ər wɪθ ˈmɪstər ˈfrɛdərɪk]
• of Pinchfield: from Pinchfield farm [əv pinchfield]
• but never: but never [–* bət ˈnɛvər]
• it was noticed: it was observed [ɪt wɑz ˈnoʊtɪst]
• with both simultaneously: with both of them at the same time [wɪθ boʊθ ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli]