The Old Man and The Sea by Ernest Hemingway- page 45

On the next turn, he nearly had him.

• On the next turn: During the subsequent opportunity or attempt [ɔn ðə nɛkst tərn]
• he nearly had him: he almost caught or defeated him [hi ˈnɪrli hæd ɪm]

But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.

• But again: However, once more [bət əˈgɛn]
• the fish righted himself: the fish corrected its position and turned upright [ðə fɪʃ ˈraɪtɪd hɪmˈsɛlf]
• and swam slowly away: and moved away from the speaker at a leisurely pace [ənd swæm sˈloʊli əˈweɪ]

You are killing me, fish, the old man thought.

• You are killing me, fish: The fish is causing the old man great distress or exhaustion [ju ər ˈkɪlɪŋ mi fɪʃ]
• the old man thought: This is what the old man was thinking [ðə oʊld mæn θɔt]

But you have a right to.

• But you have a right to: However, you are justified in doing so [bət ju hæv ə raɪt tɪ]

Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother.

• Never have I seen: I have never witnessed [ˈnɛvər hæv aɪ sin]
• a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother: an expression of admiration for the fish, referring to it as a brother [ə ˈgreɪtər ər mɔr ˈbjutəfəl ər ə ˈkɑmər ər mɔr ˈnoʊbəl θɪŋ ðən ju ˈbrəðər]

Come on and kill me.

• Come on and kill me: An invitation to the fish to end his life or struggle [kəm ɔn ənd kɪl mi]

I do not care who kills who.

• I do not care who kills who: He is indifferent to whether he kills the fish or the fish kills him [aɪ du nɑt kɛr hu kɪlz hu]

Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought.

• Now you are getting confused in the head: He is starting to lose clarity of thought [naʊ ju ər ˈgɪtɪŋ kənfˈjuzd ɪn ðə hɛd]
• he thought: This is what he was thinking [hi θɔt]

You must keep your head clear.

• You must keep your head clear: It is important to maintain a clear mind [ju məst kip jʊr hɛd klɪr]

Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like a man.

• Keep your head clear: Maintain a clear mind [kip jʊr hɛd klɪr]
• and know how to suffer like a man: and understand how to endure hardship with dignity [ənd noʊ haʊ tɪ ˈsəfər laɪk ə mæn]

Or a fish, he thought.

• Or a fish: Or like a fish endures hardship [ər ə fɪʃ]
• he thought: This is what he was thinking [hi θɔt]

''Clear up, head,'' he said in a voice he could hardly hear. ''Clear up.''

• Clear up, head: An instruction to his mind to become clear [klɪr əp hɛd]
• he said in a voice he could hardly hear: He spoke very softly [hi sɛd ɪn ə vɔɪs hi kʊd ˈhɑrdli hir]
• Clear up: An instruction to his mind to become clear [klɪr əp]

Twice more it was the same on the turns.

• Twice: two times; on two occasions [twaɪs]
• more: again; in addition [mɔr]
• it: refers to a previously mentioned situation or event [ɪt]
• was: past tense of 'to be', indicating a state or condition [wɑz]
• the same: identical; without variation [ðə seɪm]
• on: indicating location or condition [ɔn]
• the turns: the instances of turning or changing direction [ðə tərnz]

I do not know, the old man thought.

• I: the speaker or writer [aɪ]
• do: auxiliary verb used for emphasis or to form a negative or question [du]
• not: used to negate a statement [nɑt]
• know: to have knowledge or understanding of something [noʊ]
• the old man: referring to a specific elderly man, likely the protagonist [ðə oʊld mæn]
• thought: past tense of 'to think', indicating an internal reflection [θɔt]

He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time. I do not know. But I will try it once more.

• He: referring to the old man [hi]
• had been: past perfect continuous tense of 'to be', indicating a state that continued up to a point in the past [hæd bɪn]
• on: indicating proximity or imminence [ɔn]
• the point: the verge or threshold [ðə pɔɪnt]
• of: indicating relationship or belonging [əv]
• feeling: experiencing a sensation or emotion [ˈfilɪŋ]
• himself: reflexive pronoun referring back to 'he' [hɪmˈsɛlf]
• go: to lose consciousness or control [goʊ]
• each time: every instance; on each occasion [iʧ taɪm]
• But: conjunction used to introduce a contrasting statement [bət]
• I will: future tense of 'to be', indicating a future intention [aɪ wɪl]
• try: to make an attempt or effort [traɪ]
• it: referring to a previously mentioned action or task [ɪt]
• once more: one more time; again [wəns mɔr]

He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.

• He: referring to the old man [hi]
• tried: past tense of 'to try', meaning to make an attempt [traɪd]
• it: referring to a previously mentioned action or task [ɪt]
• once more: one more time; again [wəns mɔr]
• and: conjunction used to connect clauses or phrases [ənd]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• felt: past tense of 'to feel', meaning to experience a sensation [fɛlt]
• himself: reflexive pronoun referring back to 'he' [hɪmˈsɛlf]
• going: losing consciousness or control [goʊɪŋ]
• when: at the time that [wɪn]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• turned: past tense of 'to turn', meaning to rotate or change direction [tərnd]
• the fish: the specific fish being referred to [ðə fɪʃ]

The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.

• The fish: the specific fish being referred to [ðə fɪʃ]
• righted: past tense of 'to right', meaning to restore to an upright position [ˈraɪtɪd]
• himself: reflexive pronoun referring back to 'the fish' [hɪmˈsɛlf]
• and: conjunction used to connect clauses or phrases [ənd]
• swam: past tense of 'to swim', meaning to move through water [swæm]
• off: away from a particular place [ɔf]
• again: once more; another time [əˈgɛn]
• slowly: at a slow pace [sˈloʊli]
• with: indicating accompaniment or means [wɪθ]
• the great tail: the large tail of the fish [ðə greɪt teɪl]
• weaving: moving from side to side [ˈwivɪŋ]
• in: indicating location or position [ɪn]
• the air: the atmosphere [ðə ɛr]

I'll try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes.

• I'll: contraction of 'I will', indicating a future intention [aɪl]
• try: to make an attempt or effort [traɪ]
• it: referring to a previously mentioned action or task [ɪt]
• again: once more; another time [əˈgɛn]
• the old man: referring to a specific elderly man, likely the protagonist [ðə oʊld mæn]
• promised: past tense of 'to promise', meaning to assure or vow [ˈprɑməst]
• although: conjunction used to introduce a contrasting statement [ˌɔlˈðoʊ]
• his: possessive pronoun referring to the old man [hɪz]
• hands: the body parts at the end of the arms [hænz]
• were: past tense of 'to be', indicating a state or condition [wər]
• mushy: soft and pulpy; lacking firmness [ˈməʃi]
• now: at the present time [naʊ]
• and: conjunction used to connect clauses or phrases [ənd]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• could: past tense of 'can', indicating ability [kʊd]
• only: exclusively; merely [ˈoʊnli]
• see: to perceive with the eyes [si]
• well: in a good or satisfactory way [wɛl]
• in: indicating location or condition [ɪn]
• flashes: brief, sudden bursts of light or vision [ˈflæʃɪz]

He tried it again and it was the same.

• He: referring to the old man [hi]
• tried: past tense of 'to try', meaning to make an attempt [traɪd]
• it: referring to a previously mentioned action or task [ɪt]
• again: once more; another time [əˈgɛn]
• and: conjunction used to connect clauses or phrases [ənd]
• it: referring to a previously mentioned action or task [ɪt]
• was: past tense of 'to be', indicating a state or condition [wɑz]
• the same: identical; without variation [ðə seɪm]

So he thought, and he felt himself going before he started; I will try it once again.

• So: therefore; as a result [soʊ]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• thought: past tense of 'to think', indicating an internal reflection [θɔt]
• and: conjunction used to connect clauses or phrases [ənd]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• felt: past tense of 'to feel', meaning to experience a sensation [fɛlt]
• himself: reflexive pronoun referring back to 'he' [hɪmˈsɛlf]
• going: losing consciousness or control [goʊɪŋ]
• before: earlier than; prior to [ˌbiˈfɔr]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• started: past tense of 'to start', meaning to begin [ˈstɑrtɪd]
• I: the speaker or writer [aɪ]
• will: auxiliary verb used to express future tense [wɪl]
• try: to make an attempt or effort [traɪ]
• it: referring to a previously mentioned action or task [ɪt]
• once: one time [wəns]
• again: once more; another time [əˈgɛn]

He took all his pain and what was left of his strength and his long gone pride and he put it against the fish's agony and the fish came over onto his side and swam gently on his side, his bill almost touching the planking of the skiff and started to pass the boat, long, deep, wide, silver and barred with purple and interminable in the water.

• He: refers to a male person or character previously mentioned [hi]
• took: past tense of 'take', meaning to grasp or seize [tʊk]
• all: the whole quantity or extent of [ɔl]
• his pain: the physical or emotional suffering experienced by him [hɪz peɪn]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• what: used to introduce a clause referring to something previously mentioned or understood [wət]
• was left: the remaining part or amount [wɑz lɛft]
• of his strength: the physical power or energy possessed by him [əv hɪz strɛŋθ]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• his long gone pride: the feeling of satisfaction and self-respect that he once had but has now disappeared [hɪz lɔŋ gɔn praɪd]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• he: refers to the same male person or character as 'He' at the beginning of the sentence [hi]
• put: past tense of 'put', meaning to place or direct [pʊt]
• it: refers to all his pain, strength, and pride [ɪt]
• against: in opposition to or in contact with [əˈgɛnst]
• the fish's agony: the intense suffering of the fish [ðə ˈfɪʃɪz ˈægəni]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• the fish: refers to the fish being described [ðə fɪʃ]
• came over: moved from one place to another [keɪm ˈoʊvər]
• onto: moving to a position on a surface [ˈɔntu]
• his side: one of the sides of the fish's body [hɪz saɪd]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• swam: past tense of 'swim', meaning to move through water [swæm]
• gently: in a careful and mild manner [ˈʤɛntli]
• on his side: refers to the fish swimming on its side [ɔn hɪz saɪd]
• his bill: the pointed mouthpart of the fish, like a beak [hɪz bɪl]
• almost: nearly; not quite [ˈɔlˌmoʊst]
• touching: being in or coming into contact with [ˈtəʧɪŋ]
• the planking: the wooden boards that form the side of the boat [ðə ˈplæŋkɪŋ]
• of the skiff: a small boat [əv ðə skɪf]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• started: began [ˈstɑrtɪd]
• to pass: to move past something [tɪ pæs]
• the boat: the skiff [ðə boʊt]
• long: having considerable length [lɔŋ]
• deep: extending far down from the top or surface [dip]
• wide: having a great extent from side to side [waɪd]
• silver: having a color resembling silver [ˈsɪlvər]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• barred: marked with bands or stripes [bɑrd]
• with purple: having a purple color [wɪθ ˈpərpəl]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• interminable: endless or apparently endless [ˌɪnˈtərmənəbəl]
• in the water: located in the water [ɪn ðə ˈwɔtər]

The old man dropped the line and put his foot on it and lifted the harpoon as high as he could and drove it down with all his strength, and more strength he had just summoned, into the fish's side just behind the great chest fin that rose high in the air to the altitude of the man's chest.

• The old man: refers to an elderly male character [ðə oʊld mæn]
• dropped: past tense of 'drop', meaning to let fall [drɑpt]
• the line: the fishing line [ðə laɪn]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• put: past tense of 'put', meaning to place [pʊt]
• his foot: the lower part of his leg below the ankle [hɪz fʊt]
• on it: refers to the line [ɔn ɪt]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• lifted: past tense of 'lift', meaning to raise [ˈlɪftɪd]
• the harpoon: a barbed spear-like weapon [ðə hɑrˈpun]
• as high as: to the same height or level as [ɛz haɪ ɛz]
• he could: he was able to [hi kʊd]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• drove: past tense of 'drive', meaning to force or push [droʊv]
• it: refers to the harpoon [ɪt]
• down: in a downward direction [daʊn]
• with all his strength: using all of his physical power [wɪθ ɔl hɪz strɛŋθ]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• more strength: an additional amount of physical power [mɔr strɛŋθ]
• he had just summoned: he had just called upon or gathered [hi hæd ʤɪst ˈsəmənd]
• into: expressing movement or direction toward the inside of [ˈɪntu]
• the fish's side: one of the sides of the fish's body [ðə ˈfɪʃɪz saɪd]
• just behind: immediately to the rear of [ʤɪst bɪˈhaɪnd]
• the great chest fin: the large fin located on the chest of the fish [ðə greɪt ʧɛst fɪn]
• that rose: which moved upward [ðət roʊz]
• high: to a great vertical extent [haɪ]
• in the air: in the atmosphere [ɪn ðə ɛr]
• to the altitude: to the height [tɪ ðə ˈæltəˌtud]
• of the man's chest: the level of the man's chest [əv ðə mænz ʧɛst]

He felt the iron go in and he leaned on it and drove it further and then pushed all his weight after it.

• He: refers to the old man [hi]
• felt: past tense of 'feel', meaning to experience a sensation [fɛlt]
• the iron: the metal part of the harpoon [ðə aɪərn]
• go in: enter [goʊ ɪn]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• he: refers to the old man [hi]
• leaned: past tense of 'lean', meaning to incline or rest against something [lind]
• on it: refers to the harpoon [ɔn ɪt]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• drove: past tense of 'drive', meaning to force or push [droʊv]
• it: refers to the harpoon [ɪt]
• further: to a greater extent or degree [ˈfərðər]
• and: used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]
• then: at that time; next [ðɛn]
• pushed: past tense of 'push', meaning to exert force on something in order to move it away [pʊʃt]
• all his weight: the total heaviness of his body [ɔl hɪz weɪt]
• after it: following the harpoon [ˈæftər ɪt]

Then the fish came alive, with his death in him, and rose high out of the water showing all his great length and width and all his power and his beauty.

• Then: at that time; next [ðɛn]
• the fish: a general term for an aquatic animal [ðə fɪʃ]
• came alive: became living; revived [keɪm əˈlaɪv]
• with his death in him: though mortally wounded, the fish still possessed vitality [wɪθ hɪz dɛθ ɪn ɪm]
• and rose high: ascended upwards to a great extent [ənd roʊz haɪ]
• out of the water: exiting the body of water [aʊt əv ðə ˈwɔtər]
• showing: revealing; displaying [ʃoʊɪŋ]
• all his great length and width: the full extent of the fish's size [ɔl hɪz greɪt lɛŋθ ənd wɪdθ]
• and all his power and his beauty: the fish's strength and aesthetic appeal [ənd ɔl hɪz paʊər ənd hɪz ˈbjuti]

He seemed to hang in the air above the old man in the skiff.

• He seemed to hang: appeared to be suspended [hi simd tɪ hæŋ]
• in the air: above the water's surface [ɪn ðə ɛr]
• above the old man: higher than the old man's position [əˈbəv ðə oʊld mæn]
• in the skiff: located within the small boat [ɪn ðə skɪf]

Then he fell into the water with a crash that sent spray over the old man and over all of the skiff.

• Then: after that [ðɛn]
• he fell: descended downwards [hi fɛl]
• into the water: re-entering the body of water [ˈɪntu ðə ˈwɔtər]
• with a crash: a loud, sudden noise [wɪθ ə kræʃ]
• that sent spray: which caused water droplets to scatter [ðət sɛnt spreɪ]
• over the old man: covering the old man [ˈoʊvər ðə oʊld mæn]
• and over all of the skiff: covering the entire boat [ənd ˈoʊvər ɔl əv ðə skɪf]