The Old Man and The Sea by Ernest Hemingway- page 47

''Come on, fish(An encouraging or urging statement directed towards a fish, likely to try and get it to move or cooperate. [kəm ɔn fɪʃ]),'' he(Refers to a male person, likely the same one from the previous contexts. [hi]) said. But the fish(Refers to a fish, likely the one being addressed in the previous statement. [ðə fɪʃ]) did not come.

Instead(In place of something else; as an alternative. [ˌɪnˈstɛd]) he(Referring to the fish. [hi]) lay(Past tense of 'lie', meaning to be in a horizontal or resting position. [leɪ]) there(In that place or position. [ðɛr]) wallowing(Rolling about or lying relaxed in water or mud. [ˈwɑloʊɪŋ]) now(At the present time. [naʊ]) in the seas(Located within the ocean. [ɪn ðə siz]) and(Conjunction connecting two clauses. [ənd]) the old man(Referring to an elderly man, likely the protagonist. [ðə oʊld mæn]) pulled(Past tense of 'pull', meaning to exert force on something to move it towards oneself. [pʊld]) the skiff(A light rowing boat. [ðə skɪf]) upon to(onto [əˈpɑn tɪ]) him.

When(at the time or occasion that [wɪn]) he(referring to a male person previously mentioned or known [hi]) was(past tense of the verb 'to be' [wɑz]) even with him(in a position of equality or level with the fish [ˈivɪn wɪθ ɪm]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) had(past tense of 'have', indicating possession or holding something [hæd]) the fish's head(the head of the fish [ðə ˈfɪʃɪz hɛd]) against(in opposition to or in contact with [əˈgɛnst]) the bow(the front part of a boat or ship [ðə boʊ]) he(referring to the same male person as before [hi]) could not believe(was unable to accept as true or real [kʊd nɑt bɪˈliv]) his size(the magnitude or dimensions of the fish [hɪz saɪz]). But(used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts something that has been said before [bət]) he(referring to the same male person as before [hi]) untied(released or unfastened something that was tied [ənˈtaɪd]) the harpoon rope(the rope attached to the harpoon [ðə hɑrˈpun roʊp]) from(indicating the place or position where something starts [frəm]) the bitt(a post on a ship for fastening ropes [ðə bitt]), (punctuation mark used to separate elements in a sentence)passed(moved or extended something in a specified direction [pæst]) it(referring to the harpoon rope [ɪt]) through(moving in one side and out of the other side of (an opening or channel [θru]) the fish's gills(the respiratory organs of the fish [ðə ˈfɪʃɪz gɪlz]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) out(away from the inside or center [aʊt]) his jaws(the mouth or oral cavity of the fish [hɪz ʤɔz]), (punctuation mark used to separate elements in a sentence)made(past tense of 'make', indicating the performance of an action [meɪd]) a turn(a single winding or coil of the rope [ə tərn]) around(encircling or surrounding something [əraʊnd]) his sword(the bill or sword-like projection of the fish [hɪz sɔrd]) then(at that time; also, next in order of time or sequence [ðɛn]) passed(moved or extended something in a specified direction [pæst]) the rope(referring to the harpoon rope [ðə roʊp]) through(moving in one side and out of the other side of (an opening or channel [θru]) the other gill(the remaining gill of the fish [ðə ˈəðər gɪl]), (punctuation mark used to separate elements in a sentence)made(past tense of 'make', indicating the performance of an action [meɪd]) another turn(an additional winding or coil of the rope [əˈnəðər tərn]) around(encircling or surrounding something [əraʊnd]) the bill(the bill or sword-like projection of the fish [ðə bɪl]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) knotted(tied in a knot [ˈnɑtɪd]) the double rope(the rope that is doubled over [ðə ˈdəbəl roʊp]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) made(past tense of 'make', indicating the performance of an action [meɪd]) it(referring to the double rope [ɪt]) fast(securely fixed or attached [fæst]) to(expressing direction or purpose [tɪ]) the bitt(a post on a ship for fastening ropes [ðə bitt]) in(expressing the situation of something surrounded or enclosed [ɪn]) the bow(the front part of a boat or ship [ðə boʊ]). (punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a sentence)He(referring to the same male person as before [hi]) cut(past tense of 'cut', indicating the action of dividing or severing something [kət]) the rope(referring to another rope, different from the harpoon rope [ðə roʊp]) then(at that time; also, next in order of time or sequence [ðɛn]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) went(past tense of 'go', indicating movement or travel [wɛnt]) astern(toward the back of a boat or ship [astern]) to(expressing direction or purpose [tɪ]) noose(to secure with a loop or noose [nus]) the tail(the tail of the fish [ðə teɪl]). (punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a sentence)The fish(the fish that was caught [ðə fɪʃ]) had turned(changed in color [hæd tərnd]) silver(a silvery color [ˈsɪlvər]) from(indicating the place or position where something starts [frəm]) his original(the initial or previous color [hɪz ərˈɪʤənəl]) purple(a purple color [ˈpərpəl]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) silver(a silvery color [ˈsɪlvər]), (punctuation mark used to separate elements in a sentence)and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) the stripes(the bands or lines on the fish [ðə straɪps]) showed(were visible or apparent [ʃoʊd]) the same(identical or similar [ðə seɪm]) pale violet(a light purple color [peɪl ˈvaɪəlɪt]) colour(the appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of a human perception [ˈkələr]) as(used to indicate that things appear to be the same [ɛz]) his tail(the tail of the fish [hɪz teɪl]). (punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a sentence)They(referring to the stripes [ðeɪ]) were(past tense of the verb 'to be' [wər]) wider(having a greater width [ˈwaɪdər]) than(used in comparisons [ðən]) a man's hand(the hand of a man [ə mænz hænd]) with(accompanied by or possessing [wɪθ]) his fingers(the fingers of the man [hɪz ˈfɪŋgərz]) spread(extended or stretched out [sprɛd]) and(used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]) the fish's eye(the eye of the fish [ðə ˈfɪʃɪz aɪ]) looked(appeared or seemed [lʊkt]) as(used to indicate that things appear to be the same [ɛz]) detached(separated or disconnected [dɪˈtæʧt]) as(used to indicate that things appear to be the same [ɛz]) the mirrors(reflective surfaces [ðə ˈmɪrərz]) in(expressing the situation of something surrounded or enclosed [ɪn]) a periscope(an optical instrument for viewing objects that are above the direct line of sight [ə ˈpɛrəˌskoʊp]) or(used to link alternatives [ər]) as(used to indicate that things appear to be the same [ɛz]) a saint(a person recognized as having an exceptional degree of holiness or likeness to God [ə seɪnt]) in(expressing the situation of something surrounded or enclosed [ɪn]) a procession(a group of people moving forward in an orderly way, usually for a religious or ceremonial purpose [ə prəˈsɛʃən]).

''It(Quotation marks indicating the beginning of dialogue or a direct quote, followed by 'It', referring to a previously mentioned subject or situation [ɪt]) was(past tense of 'to be', indicating a state or condition in the past [wɑz]) the only way(the single, exclusive method or course of action [ðə ˈoʊnli weɪ]) to kill him(to end his life; to cause his death, followed by quotation marks indicating the end of the direct quote [tɪ kɪl ɪm]),'' the old man(a male person who is advanced in age [ðə oʊld mæn]) said. He was feeling(experiencing a particular emotion or physical sensation [wɑz ˈfilɪŋ]) better(in a more improved state of health or well-being [ˈbɛtər]) since(from the time that; after [sɪns]) the water(the liquid substance, H2O, likely referring to drinking water in this context [ðə ˈwɔtər]) and(a conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]) he knew(he was aware; he understood [hi nu]) he would not(he would not; he was determined not to [hi wʊd nɑt]) go away(leave; depart; disappear [goʊ əˈweɪ]) and(a conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]) his head(the part of the body above the neck, containing the brain [hɪz hɛd]) was clear. He's over(more than [ˈoʊvər]) fifteen hundred(the number 1500 [ˈfɪfˈtin ˈhənərd]) pounds(a unit of weight [paʊnz]) the way(in the condition or state that [ðə weɪ]) he is(he currently exists [hi ɪz]), he thought. Maybe much more. If he dresses out(after being processed, yields a certain weight [hi ˈdrɛsɪz aʊt]) two-thirds(2/3 or approximately 66.67% [ˌtuˈθərdz]) of that(referring to the weight mentioned earlier [əv ðət]) at(at the price of [æt]) thirty cents(30/100 of a dollar [ˈθərˌdi sɛnts]) a pound?

''I(Quotation marks indicating the beginning of dialogue or a direct quote, followed by 'I', referring to the speaker [aɪ]) need(require; have necessity for [nid]) a pencil(a writing utensil [ə ˈpɛnsəl]) for that(for that purpose; in order to do that, followed by quotation marks indicating the end of the direct quote [fər ðət]),'' he said. ''My head(the part of the body above the neck, containing the brain [hɛd]) is not(is not; is not in a state of [ɪz nɑt]) that clear. But I think(I believe; I am of the opinion [aɪ θɪŋk]) the great(remarkable; outstanding [ðə greɪt]) DiMaggio(likely referring to Joe DiMaggio, a famous baseball player [dɪˈmæʤiˌoʊ]) would be(would be; would exist in a state of [wʊd bi]) proud(feeling deep pleasure or satisfaction as a result of one's own achievements, qualities, or possessions or the achievements, qualities, or possessions of someone with whom one is closely associated [praʊd]) of me(of myself; regarding my actions [əv mi]) today. I had no bone spurs. But the hands(the terminal part of the arm, from the wrist to the fingers [ðə hænz]) and(a conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses [ənd]) the back(the posterior part of the human body, extending from the shoulders to the hips [ðə bæk]) hurt(caused physical pain or injury [hərt]) truly(genuinely; sincerely; really, followed by quotation marks indicating the end of the direct quote [ˈtruli]).'' I wonder(I am curious; I would like to know [aɪ ˈwəndər]) what(which thing; what kind of thing [wət]) a bone spur(a bony projection that develops along the edges of bones [ə boʊn spər]) is(exists as; is defined as [ɪz]), he thought. Maybe we(referring to the speaker and other people [wi]) have them(possess them; experience them [hæv ðɛm]) without(not having; lacking [wɪˈθaʊt]) knowing(being aware; being conscious [noʊɪŋ]) of it.

He(Refers to the subject of the sentence, likely a person previously mentioned [hi]) made(Past tense of 'make', meaning to cause something to be in a certain state or condition [meɪd]) the fish(Refers to a specific fish, likely one that has been caught [ðə fɪʃ]) fast(Securely attached or fixed [fæst]) to bow and stern('Bow' is the front of the boat, 'stern' is the back of the boat [tɪ boʊ ənd stərn]) and to the middle thwart('Thwart' is a seat or brace running across a boat [ənd tɪ ðə ˈmɪdəl θwɔrt]). He(Refers to the subject of the sentence, likely a person previously mentioned [hi]) was(Past tense of 'be' [wɑz]) so big(Of great size or extent [soʊ bɪg]) it was like(Resembling or similar to [ɪt wɑz laɪk]) lashing(Tying or fastening securely with a rope or cord [ˈlæʃɪŋ]) a much bigger skiff('Skiff' is a small boat; 'much bigger' indicates a significantly larger size [ə məʧ ˈbɪgər skɪf]) alongside(Next to or parallel with [əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd]). He(Refers to the subject of the sentence, likely a person previously mentioned [hi]) cut(Past tense of 'cut', meaning to divide or separate with a sharp instrument [kət]) a piece of line('Line' refers to a rope or cord [ə pis əv laɪn]) and tied(Past tense of 'tie', meaning to fasten or secure with a rope or cord [ənd taɪd]) the fish's lower jaw('Jaw' refers to the lower part of the fish's mouth [ðə ˈfɪʃɪz loʊər ʤɔ]) against his bill('Bill' likely refers to a part of the boat or a tool [əˈgɛnst hɪz bɪl]) so his mouth('Mouth' refers to the opening in the fish's head [soʊ hɪz maʊθ]) would not open(To remain closed [wʊd nɑt ˈoʊpən]) and they(Refers to the fish [ənd ðeɪ]) would sail(To move through the water using a sail [wʊd seɪl]) as cleanly as possible(In the most efficient and unobstructed manner [ɛz ˈklinli ɛz ˈpɑsəbəl]). Then(Following in time or sequence [ðɛn]) he stepped the mast('Stepped' means to erect or set up the mast [hi stɛpt ðə mæst]) and(Conjunction indicating addition or connection [ənd]), with the stick(Refers to a long, slender piece of wood [wɪθ ðə stɪk]) that was his gaff('Gaff' is a hooked pole used for landing fish [ðət wɑz hɪz gæf]) and with his boom rigged('Boom' is a spar used to extend the foot of a sail; 'rigged' means fitted with ropes and tackle [ənd wɪθ hɪz bum rɪgd]), the patched sail('Patched' means repaired with a piece of material [ðə pæʧt seɪl]) drew(Pulled or stretched tight by the wind [dru]), the boat(Refers to the vessel being used [ðə boʊt]) began to move(Started to travel [bɪˈgæn tɪ muv]), and(Conjunction indicating addition or connection [ənd]) half lying(Partially reclined [hæf laɪɪŋ]) in the stern('Stern' is the back of the boat [ɪn ðə stərn]) he sailed(Past tense of 'sail', meaning to travel by water using a sail [hi seɪld]) south-west(A direction midway between south and west [south-west]).

He(Refers to the subject of the sentence, likely a person previously mentioned [hi]) did not need(Past tense of 'do not need', meaning not requiring something [dɪd nɑt nid]) a compass(An instrument used for navigation that shows direction [ə ˈkəmpəs]) to tell him(To inform or indicate to him [tɪ tɛl ɪm]) where southwest was(The direction midway between south and west [wɛr ˌsaʊθˈwɛst wɑz]). He(Refers to the subject of the sentence, likely a person previously mentioned [hi]) only needed(Required solely [ˈoʊnli ˈnidɪd]) the feel(The sensation or perception [ðə fil]) of the trade wind('Trade wind' refers to a consistent wind blowing towards the equator [əv ðə treɪd wɪnd]) and the drawing of the sail('Drawing' refers to the sail being pulled taut by the wind [ənd ðə drɔɪŋ əv ðə seɪl]). I better(Contraction of 'I had better', meaning it would be advisable [aɪ ˈbɛtər]) put a small line out('Line' refers to a rope or cord; 'put out' means to extend or cast [pʊt ə smɔl laɪn aʊt]) with a spoon on it('Spoon' likely refers to a fishing lure [wɪθ ə spun ɔn ɪt]) and try(To attempt [ənd traɪ]) and get(To obtain [ənd gɪt]) something to eat and drink(Food and beverage [ˈsəmθɪŋ tɪ it ənd drɪŋk]) for the moisture(To provide hydration [fər ðə ˈmɔɪsʧər]). But(Conjunction indicating contrast [bət]) he could not find(Was unable to locate [hi kʊd nɑt faɪnd]) a spoon(Likely refers to a fishing lure [ə spun]) and his sardines('Sardines' are small, oily fish [ənd hɪz sɑrˈdinz]) were rotten(Decomposed or spoiled [wər ˈrɑtən]). So(Therefore or as a result [soʊ]) he hooked(Past tense of 'hook', meaning to catch or fasten with a hook [hi hʊkt]) a patch of yellow Gulf weed('Gulf weed' refers to Sargassum, a type of seaweed found in the Gulf of Mexico [ə pæʧ əv ˈjɛloʊ gəlf wid]) with the gaff('Gaff' is a hooked pole used for landing fish [wɪθ ðə gæf]) as they passed(While moving by [ɛz ðeɪ pæst]) and shook it(Past tense of 'shake', meaning to move rapidly back and forth [ənd ʃʊk ɪt]) so that(In order that [soʊ ðət]) the small shrimps('Shrimps' are small crustaceans [ðə smɔl shrimps]) that were in it(Located within the seaweed [ðət wər ɪn ɪt]) fell(Past tense of 'fall', meaning to drop downwards [fɛl]) onto the planking('Planking' refers to the wooden boards of the boat's deck [ˈɔntu ðə ˈplæŋkɪŋ]) of the skiff('Skiff' is a small boat [əv ðə skɪf]). There were(Existed [ðɛr wər]) more than a dozen(Over twelve [mɔr ðən ə ˈdəzən]) of them(Refers to the shrimps [əv ðɛm]) and they(Refers to the shrimps [ənd ðeɪ]) jumped and kicked(Moved erratically and forcefully [ʤəmpt ənd kɪkt]) like sand fleas('Sand fleas' are small, jumping crustaceans found on beaches [laɪk sænd fliz]). The old man(Refers to an elderly male [ðə oʊld mæn]) pinched(Squeezed tightly between the thumb and forefinger [pɪnʧt]) their heads off(Removed their heads by pinching [ðɛr hɛdz ɔf]) with his thumb and forefinger(Using the thumb and index finger [wɪθ hɪz θəm ənd ˈfɔrˌfɪŋgər]) and ate them(Consumed them as food [ənd eɪt ðɛm]) chewing up(Masticating or grinding with the teeth [ʧuɪŋ əp]) the shells and the tails(The outer coverings and appendages of the shrimps [ðə ʃɛlz ənd ðə teɪlz]). They(Refers to the shrimps [ðeɪ]) were very tiny(Extremely small [wər ˈvɛri ˈtaɪni]) but(Conjunction indicating contrast [bət]) he knew(Past tense of 'know', meaning to be aware [hi nu]) they were nourishing(Providing sustenance and nutrients [ðeɪ wər ˈnərɪʃɪŋ]) and they tasted good(Had a pleasant flavor [ənd ðeɪ ˈteɪstɪd gʊd]).