Alice's adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll- page 32

'In THAT direction,' the Cat said, waving its right paw round, 'lives a Hatter: and in THAT direction,' waving the other paw, 'lives a March Hare.

• In THAT direction: pointing to a specific direction [ɪn ðət dɪˈrɛkʃɪn]
• the Cat said: reporting verb indicating who is speaking [ ðə kæt sɛd]
• waving: moving back and forth [ ˈweɪvɪŋ]
• its right paw: the right foot of the cat [ɪts raɪt pɔ]
• round: in a circular motion [raʊnd]
• lives: resides; dwells [lɪvz]
• a Hatter: someone who makes or sells hats [ə ˈhætər]
• and: used to connect two similar clauses [ ənd]
• in THAT direction: pointing to a specific direction [ɪn ðət dɪˈrɛkʃɪn]
• waving: moving back and forth [ ˈweɪvɪŋ]
• the other paw: the other foot of the cat [ðə ˈəðər pɔ]
• lives: resides; dwells [lɪvz]
• a March Hare: a hare that is particularly active in March, the breeding season [ə mɑrʧ hɛr]

'But I don't want to go among mad people,' Alice remarked.

• But: Conjunction indicating a contrast or exception to what has been said [bət]
• I don't want: Expressing a lack of desire or willingness [aɪ doʊnt wɔnt]
• to go: To move or travel [tɪ goʊ]
• among: In the middle of or surrounded by [əˈməŋ]
• mad: Mentally ill or behaving irrationally [mæd]
• people: Human beings in general or considered collectively [ˈpipəl]
• Alice: The name of the character speaking [ˈælɪs]
• remarked: Said something as a comment [rɪˈmɑrkt]

'Oh, you can't help that,' said the Cat: 'we're all mad here.

• Oh: An exclamation of surprise, understanding, or other emotion [oʊ]
• you can't help that: You are unable to change or prevent it [ju kænt hɛlp ðət]
• said: Spoke or uttered words [sɛd]
• the Cat: Referring to the Cheshire Cat, a character in the story [ðə kæt]
• we're: Contraction of 'we are' [wɪr]
• all: Every one or everything [ɔl]
• mad: Mentally ill or behaving irrationally [mæd]
• here: In or at this place [hir]

I'm mad.

• I'm: Contraction of 'I am' [əm]
• mad: Mentally ill or behaving irrationally [mæd]

'How do you know I'm mad?' said Alice.

• How: In what way or manner [haʊ]
• do you know: Are you aware or certain [du ju noʊ]
• I'm: Contraction of 'I am' [əm]
• mad: Mentally ill or behaving irrationally [mæd]
• said: Spoke or uttered words [sɛd]
• Alice: The name of the character speaking [ˈælɪs]

'You must be,' said the Cat, 'or you wouldn't have come here.'

• You: Referring to the person being addressed [ju]
• must be: It is necessarily the case [məst bi]
• said: Spoke or uttered words [sɛd]
• the Cat: Referring to the Cheshire Cat, a character in the story [ðə kæt]
• or: Used to introduce an alternative [ər]
• you wouldn't have come: You would not have arrived [ju ˈwʊdənt hæv kəm]
• here: To this place [hir]

Alice didn't think that proved it at all; however, she went on 'And how do you know that you're mad?'

• Alice: The name of the character speaking [ˈælɪs]
• didn't think: Did not believe or consider [ˈdɪdənt θɪŋk]
• that: Referring to something previously mentioned [ðət]
• proved: Demonstrated or showed to be true [pruvd]
• it: Referring to something previously mentioned [ɪt]
• at all: In any way or to any extent [æt ɔl]
• however: Nevertheless or despite that [ˌhaʊˈɛvər]
• she: Referring to Alice [ʃi]
• went on: Continued speaking [wɛnt ɔn]
• And: Used to introduce an additional point [ənd]
• how: In what way or manner [haʊ]
• do you know: Are you aware or certain [du ju noʊ]
• that: Introducing a clause [ðət]
• you're: Contraction of 'you are' [jʊr]
• mad: Mentally ill or behaving irrationally [mæd]

'To begin with,' said the Cat, 'a dog's not mad.

• To begin with: As a starting point or first consideration [tɪ bɪˈgɪn wɪθ]
• said: Spoke or uttered words [sɛd]
• the Cat: Referring to the Cheshire Cat, a character in the story [ðə kæt]
• a dog's: Belonging to a dog [ə dɔgz]
• not mad: Not mentally ill or behaving irrationally [nɑt mæd]

'I suppose so,' said Alice.

• I suppose so: I assume that is the case [aɪ səˈpoʊz soʊ]
• said: Spoke or uttered words [sɛd]
• Alice: The name of the character speaking [ˈælɪs]

'Well, then,' the Cat went on, 'you see, a dog growls when it's angry, and wags its tail when it's pleased.

• Well: Used to indicate a transition in thought or speech [wɛl]
• then: At that time or in that case [ðɛn]
• the Cat: Referring to the Cheshire Cat, a character in the story [ðə kæt]
• went on: Continued speaking [wɛnt ɔn]
• you see: Used to introduce an explanation or clarification [ju si]
• a dog: A canine animal [ə dɔg]
• growls: Makes a low, guttural sound [graʊlz]
• when: At the time that [wɪn]
• it's: Contraction of 'it is' [ɪts]
• angry: Feeling or showing strong displeasure [ˈæŋgri]
• and: Used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• wags: Moves or swings rapidly to and fro [wægz]
• its: Belonging to it [ɪts]
• tail: The appendage extending from the rear of an animal's body [teɪl]
• when: At the time that [wɪn]
• it's: Contraction of 'it is' [ɪts]
• pleased: Feeling or showing satisfaction [plizd]

Now I growl when I'm pleased, and wag my tail when I'm angry.

• Now: At the present time [naʊ]
• I: Referring to the speaker [aɪ]
• growl: Make a low, guttural sound [graʊl]
• when: At the time that [wɪn]
• I'm: Contraction of 'I am' [əm]
• pleased: Feeling or showing satisfaction [plizd]
• and: Used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• wag: Move or swing rapidly to and fro [wæg]
• my: Belonging to me [maɪ]
• tail: The appendage extending from the rear of an animal's body [teɪl]
• when: At the time that [wɪn]
• I'm: Contraction of 'I am' [əm]
• angry: Feeling or showing strong displeasure [ˈæŋgri]

'I call it purring, not growling,' said Alice.

• I: The speaker, Alice, referring to herself [aɪ]
• call: to give something a name; to describe something as [kɔl]
• it: referring to a sound or action [ɪt]
• purring: a soft, vibrating sound made by a cat to indicate pleasure [pərɪŋ]
• not: used to negate or express the opposite of something [nɑt]
• growling: a low, guttural sound made by an animal, usually indicating anger or warning [ˈgroʊlɪŋ]
• said: past tense of 'say'; to utter words [sɛd]
• Alice: the name of the character speaking [ˈælɪs]

'Call it what you like,' said the Cat.

• Call: imperative form of 'call'; to name or describe something [kɔl]
• it: referring to something previously mentioned [ɪt]
• what: used to ask for specification of something [wət]
• you: the person being addressed [ju]
• like: as you prefer; in the way you want [laɪk]
• said: past tense of 'say'; to utter words [sɛd]
• the Cat: the character speaking, a cat [ðə kæt]

'I should like it very much,' said Alice, 'but I haven't been invited yet.'

• I: The speaker, Alice, referring to herself [aɪ]
• should: auxiliary verb used to express a conditional or polite statement [ʃʊd]
• like: to enjoy or want something [laɪk]
• it: referring to something previously mentioned, in this case, playing croquet [ɪt]
• very much: to a great extent; greatly [ˈvɛri məʧ]
• said: past tense of 'say'; to utter words [sɛd]
• Alice: the name of the character speaking [ˈælɪs]
• but: used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts something [bət]
• I: The speaker, Alice, referring to herself [aɪ]
• haven't: contraction of 'have not'; indicates that something has not happened [ˈhævənt]
• been: past participle of 'be'; used to form perfect tenses [bɪn]
• invited: to formally ask someone to go somewhere or do something [ˌɪnˈvaɪtɪd]
• yet: up to this point in time; still [jɛt]

'You'll see me there,' said the Cat, and vanished.

• You'll: contraction of 'you will'; indicates a future action [jul]
• see: to perceive with the eyes; to understand [si]
• me: the speaker, the Cat, referring to itself [mi]
• there: in that place or situation [ðɛr]
• said: past tense of 'say'; to utter words [sɛd]
• the Cat: the character speaking, a cat [ðə kæt]
• and: used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• vanished: disappeared suddenly and completely [ˈvænɪʃt]

Alice was not much surprised at this, she was getting so used to queer things happening.

• Alice: The name of the character [ˈælɪs]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• not: used to negate or express the opposite of something [nɑt]
• much: to a great extent; considerably [məʧ]
• surprised: feeling or showing astonishment or wonder [səˈpraɪzd]
• at: expressing location or arrival in a particular place or position [æt]
• this: referring to something previously mentioned [ðɪs]
• she: referring to Alice [ʃi]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• getting: becoming [ˈgɪtɪŋ]
• so: to such a great extent [soʊ]
• used: accustomed to; familiar with [juzd]
• to: expressing direction or purpose [tɪ]
• queer: strange; odd [kwɪr]
• things: objects; events; circumstances [θɪŋz]
• happening: occurring; taking place [ˈhæpənɪŋ]

While she was looking at the place where it had been, it suddenly appeared again.

• While: during the time that [waɪl]
• she: referring to Alice [ʃi]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• looking: to direct one's gaze towards something [ˈlʊkɪŋ]
• at: expressing location or arrival in a particular place or position [æt]
• the place: a particular position or area [ðə pleɪs]
• where: in or to which [wɛr]
• it: referring to the Cat [ɪt]
• had: auxiliary verb used to form perfect tenses [hæd]
• been: past participle of 'be'; used to form perfect tenses [bɪn]
• it: referring to the Cat [ɪt]
• suddenly: quickly and unexpectedly [ˈsədənli]
• appeared: came into sight; became visible [əˈpɪrd]
• again: once more; another time [əˈgɛn]

'By-the-bye, what became of the baby?' said the Cat. 'I'd nearly forgotten to ask.'

• By-the-bye: an expression used to introduce a subject that is slightly different from the main subject of the conversation [by-the-bye]
• what: used to ask for specification of something [wət]
• became: to come to be; to happen to [bɪˈkeɪm]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the baby: a very young child [ðə ˈbeɪbi]
• said: past tense of 'say'; to utter words [sɛd]
• the Cat: the character speaking, a cat [ðə kæt]
• I'd: contraction of 'I had' or 'I would' [aɪd]
• nearly: almost; very close to [ˈnɪrli]
• forgotten: past participle of 'forget'; to fail to remember [fərˈgɑtən]
• to: expressing direction or purpose [tɪ]
• ask: to put a question to someone [æsk]

'It turned into a pig,' Alice quietly said, just as if it had come back in a natural way.

• It turned into a pig: Expresses the transformation of something into a pig, indicating a surprising or unusual event. [ɪt tərnd ˈɪntu ə pɪg]
• Alice: A proper noun, referring to the character Alice. [ˈælɪs]
• quietly: Adverb describing the manner of speaking, indicating a low volume or subdued tone. [kˈwaɪətli]
• said: Verb indicating the act of speaking or uttering words. [sɛd]
• just as if: Phrase indicating a comparison or analogy, suggesting something is similar to another thing. [ʤɪst ɛz ɪf]
• it: Pronoun referring to the subject that turned into a pig. [ɪt]
• had come back: Verb phrase indicating a return or reappearance. [hæd kəm bæk]
• in a natural way: Adverbial phrase indicating that something happened normally or expectedly. [ɪn ə ˈnæʧərəl weɪ]

'I thought it would,' said the Cat, and vanished again.

• I thought it would: Expresses an expectation or belief that something would happen. [aɪ θɔt ɪt wʊd]
• said: Verb indicating the act of speaking. [sɛd]
• the Cat: Noun referring to a specific cat character. [ðə kæt]
• and vanished again: Verb indicating the act of disappearing or ceasing to be visible, repeated. [ənd ˈvænɪʃt əˈgɛn]

Alice waited a little, half expecting to see it again, but it did not appear, and after a minute or two she walked on in the direction in which the March Hare was said to live. 'I've seen hatters before,' she said to herself; 'the March Hare will be much the most interesting, and perhaps as this is May it won't be raving mad—at least not so mad as it was in March.' As she said this, she looked up, and there was the Cat again, sitting on a branch of a tree.

• Alice: A proper noun, referring to the character Alice. [ˈælɪs]
• waited: Verb indicating the act of remaining in place or delaying action. [ˈweɪtɪd]
• a little: Adverb indicating a short amount of time. [ə ˈlɪtəl]
• half expecting: Phrase indicating a moderate level of anticipation or expectation. [hæf ɪkˈspɛktɪŋ]
• to see it again: Expresses the anticipation of seeing something reappear. [tɪ si ɪt əˈgɛn]
• but it did not appear: Indicates that something did not become visible or manifest. [bət ɪt dɪd nɑt əˈpɪr]
• and after a minute or two: Phrase indicating a short duration of time. [ənd ˈæftər ə ˈmɪnət ər tu]
• she: Pronoun referring to Alice. [ʃi]
• walked on: Verb phrase indicating the act of continuing to walk or move forward. [wɔkt ɔn]
• in the direction: Phrase indicating the path or way towards something. [ɪn ðə dɪˈrɛkʃɪn]
• in which: Relative pronoun indicating the direction. [ɪn wɪʧ]
• the March Hare: Noun referring to a specific character, the March Hare. [ðə mɑrʧ hɛr]
• was said to live: Indicates that someone or something is believed to reside in a particular place. [wɑz sɛd tɪ lɪv]
• I've seen hatters before: Expresses prior experience of encountering hatters. [aɪv sin hatters ˌbiˈfɔr]
• she: Pronoun referring to Alice. [ʃi]
• said: Verb indicating the act of speaking. [sɛd]
• to herself: Indicates that the words were spoken internally or privately. [tɪ hərˈsɛlf]
• the March Hare: Noun referring to a specific character, the March Hare. [ðə mɑrʧ hɛr]
• will be: Expresses a future state or condition. [wɪl bi]
• much the most interesting: Indicates a high degree of interest compared to others. [məʧ ðə moʊst ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ]
• and perhaps: Adverb indicating possibility or uncertainty. [ənd pərˈhæps]
• as this is May: Indicates the current month is May. [ɛz ðɪs ɪz meɪ]
• it won't be: Expresses a future state of not being. [ɪt woʊnt bi]
• raving mad: Adjective phrase indicating extreme insanity or craziness. [ˈreɪvɪŋ mæd]
• at least: Phrase indicating a minimum or lower bound. [-æt list]
• not so mad: Indicates a lesser degree of insanity. [nɑt soʊ mæd]
• as it was in March: Comparison to the level of insanity in the month of March. [ɛz ɪt wɑz ɪn mɑrʧ]
• As she said this: Indicates that something happened concurrently with her speaking. [ɛz ʃi sɛd ðɪs]
• she: Pronoun referring to Alice. [ʃi]
• looked up: Verb phrase indicating the act of raising one's gaze. [lʊkt əp]
• and there: Indicates the presence or existence of something. [ənd ðɛr]
• was: Verb indicating existence or presence. [wɑz]
• the Cat: Noun referring to a specific cat character. [ðə kæt]
• again: Adverb indicating repetition or recurrence. [əˈgɛn]
• sitting: Verb indicating the act of being seated. [ˈsɪtɪŋ]
• on a branch: Phrase indicating location on a part of a tree. [ɔn ə brænʧ]
• of a tree: Specifies the type of plant, a tree. [əv ə tri]

'Did you say pig, or fig?' said the Cat.

• Did you say pig, or fig: A question distinguishing between two similar-sounding words, 'pig' and 'fig' [dɪd ju seɪ pɪg ər fɪg]
• said: past tense of 'say', indicating who spoke the words [sɛd]
• the Cat: referring to a specific cat, likely a character in a story [ðə kæt]

'I said pig,' replied Alice; 'and I wish you wouldn't keep appearing and vanishing so suddenly: you make one quite giddy.'

• I said pig: Alice confirms that she said 'pig' [aɪ sɛd pɪg]
• replied: past tense of 'reply', indicating Alice's response [rɪˈplaɪd]
• Alice: the name of the character who is speaking [ˈælɪs]
• and I wish you wouldn't keep appearing and vanishing so suddenly: Alice expresses her annoyance at the Cat's sudden appearances and disappearances [ənd aɪ wɪʃ ju ˈwʊdənt kip əˈpɪrɪŋ ənd ˈvænɪʃɪŋ soʊ ˈsədənli]
• you make one quite giddy: The Cat's actions are making Alice feel dizzy or disoriented [ju meɪk wən kwaɪt ˈgɪdi]