The Old Man and The Sea by Ernest Hemingway- page 4

They walked up the road together to the old man's shack and went in through its open door.

• They: refers to a group of people, in this context, likely the old man and the boy [ðeɪ]
• walked: moved on foot at a moderate pace [wɔkt]
• up: in an upward direction [əp]
• the road: a way or course for traveling between places [ðə roʊd]
• together: in company with another person or people [təˈgɛðər]
• to: expressing direction or purpose [tɪ]
• the old man's: belonging to the old man [ðə oʊld mænz]
• shack: a roughly built hut or cabin [ʃæk]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• went: past tense of 'go', meaning to move or travel [wɛnt]
• in: into or towards the inside of a place [ɪn]
• through: moving in one side and out of the other side of (an opening, channel, or location [θru]
• its: belonging to it [ɪts]
• open: not closed or sealed [ˈoʊpən]
• door: a hinged or sliding barrier used to close an opening in a wall, vehicle, or cabinet [dɔr]

The old man leaned the mast with its wrapped sail against the wall and the boy put the box and the other gear beside it.

• The old man: refers to the elderly male character [ðə oʊld mæn]
• leaned: to rest against something for support [lind]
• the mast: a tall upright post or structure on a ship or boat, used to support sails or rigging [ðə mæst]
• with: accompanied by [wɪθ]
• its: belonging to it [ɪts]
• wrapped: covered or enclosed in paper or soft material [ræpt]
• sail: a piece of material extended on a mast to catch the wind and propel a boat or ship or other vehicle [seɪl]
• against: in opposition to or in contact with [əˈgɛnst]
• the wall: a long upright structure of brick, stone, or other material that encloses an area [ðə wɔl]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• the boy: refers to the young male character [ðə bɔɪ]
• put: placed in a particular position [pʊt]
• the box: a container with a flat base and sides and a lid [ðə bɑks]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• the other: additional or remaining [ðə ˈəðər]
• gear: equipment or apparatus that is used for a particular purpose [gɪr]
• beside: at the side of; next to [ˌbiˈsaɪd]
• it: referring to the wall [ɪt]

The mast was nearly as long as the one room of the shack.

• The mast: a tall upright post or structure on a ship or boat, used to support sails or rigging [ðə mæst]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• nearly: almost; very close to [ˈnɪrli]
• as long as: equal in length to [ɛz lɔŋ ɛz]
• the one room: a single room [ðə wən rum]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the shack: a roughly built hut or cabin [ðə ʃæk]

The shack was made of the tough budshields of the royal palm which are called guano and in it there was a bed, a table, one chair, and a place on the dirt floor to cook with charcoal.

• The shack: a roughly built hut or cabin [ðə ʃæk]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• made: created or constructed [meɪd]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the tough: strong and durable [ðə təf]
• budshields: protective coverings of buds [budshields]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the royal palm: a type of palm tree [ðə rɔɪəl pɑm]
• which: used to introduce a relative clause giving further information about a noun [wɪʧ]
• are called: known as [ər kɔld]
• guano: the excrement of seabirds and bats, used as fertilizer [gˈwɑˌnoʊ]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• in: expressing the situation of something that is or appears to be enclosed or surrounded by something else [ɪn]
• it: referring to the shack [ɪt]
• there: in or at that place [ðɛr]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• a bed: a piece of furniture for sleeping or resting on [ə bɛd]
• a table: a piece of furniture with a flat top supported by legs [ə ˈteɪbəl]
• one chair: a seat for one person, typically with a back and four legs [wən ʧɛr]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• a place: a particular position or area [ə pleɪs]
• on: physically supported by [ɔn]
• the dirt floor: a floor made of compacted earth [ðə dərt flɔr]
• to cook: to prepare food by heating it [tɪ kʊk]
• with: using [wɪθ]
• charcoal: a black residue consisting mainly of carbon obtained by heating wood in an airless space [ˈʧɑrˌkoʊl]

On the brown walls of the flattened, overlapping leaves of the sturdy fibered guano there was a picture in color of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and another of the Virgin of Cobre.

• On: physically supported by [ɔn]
• the brown: a color [ðə braʊn]
• walls: a long upright structure of brick, stone, or other material that encloses an area [wɔlz]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the flattened: pressed or smoothed so as to be flat [ðə ˈflætənd]
• overlapping: extend over so as to cover partly [ˈoʊvərˌlæpɪŋ]
• leaves: a flat, typically green, part of a plant [livz]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the sturdy: strongly built or made [ðə ˈstərdi]
• fibered: containing or consisting of fibers [fibered]
• guano: the excrement of seabirds and bats, used as fertilizer [gˈwɑˌnoʊ]
• there: in or at that place [ðɛr]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• a picture: a painting or drawing [ə ˈpɪkʧər]
• in color: having color [ɪn ˈkələr]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the Sacred Heart of Jesus: a depiction of Jesus Christ's heart as a symbol of his love [ðə ˈseɪkrɪd hɑrt əv ˈʤizəs]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• another: one more; an additional one [əˈnəðər]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• the Virgin of Cobre: a famous statue of the Virgin Mary in Cuba [ðə ˈvərʤɪn əv ˈkɑbrə]

These were relics of his wife.

• These: referring to the pictures [ðiz]
• were: past tense of 'be' [wər]
• relics: an object surviving from an earlier time, especially one of historical or sentimental interest [ˈrɛlɪks]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• his wife: the old man's spouse [hɪz waɪf]

Once there had been a tinted photograph of his wife on the wall but he had taken it down because it made him too lonely to see it and it was on the shelf in the corner under his clean shirt.

• Once: at some time in the past [wəns]
• there: in or at that place [ðɛr]
• had been: past perfect tense of 'be' [hæd bɪn]
• a tinted: having a slight color [ə ˈtɪntɪd]
• photograph: a picture made using a camera [ˈfoʊtəˌgræf]
• of: expressing the relationship between a part and a whole [əv]
• his wife: the old man's spouse [hɪz waɪf]
• on: physically supported by [ɔn]
• the wall: a long upright structure of brick, stone, or other material that encloses an area [ðə wɔl]
• but: used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts something previously said [bət]
• he: referring to the old man [hi]
• had taken: past perfect tense of 'take', meaning to remove [hæd ˈteɪkən]
• it: referring to the photograph [ɪt]
• down: to a lower position [daʊn]
• because: for the reason that [bɪˈkəz]
• it: referring to the photograph [ɪt]
• made: caused to be or do something [meɪd]
• him: referring to the old man [ɪm]
• too lonely: excessively sad because of being without companions [tu ˈloʊnli]
• to see: to perceive with the eyes [tɪ si]
• it: referring to the photograph [ɪt]
• and: used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly [ənd]
• it: referring to the photograph [ɪt]
• was: past tense of 'be' [wɑz]
• on: physically supported by [ɔn]
• the shelf: a flat length of wood or other rigid material, attached to a wall or forming part of a piece of furniture, that provides a surface for storage or display [ðə ʃɛlf]
• in: expressing the situation of something that is or appears to be enclosed or surrounded by something else [ɪn]
• the corner: a place where two or more sides or edges meet [ðə ˈkɔrnər]
• under: extending or directly below [ˈəndər]
• his: belonging to him [hɪz]
• clean: free from dirt, marks, or stains [klin]
• shirt: a garment for the upper body made of cotton or a similar fabric, with a collar and sleeves, and buttoning down the front [ʃərt]

''What do you have to eat?'' the boy asked.

• What: beginning of a direct question or statement [wət]
• do: auxiliary verb used to form questions [du]
• you: the person being addressed [ju]
• have: to possess or own [hæv]
• to: used to indicate purpose or intention [tɪ]
• eat: to consume food; end of the question [it]
• the boy: a young male person [ðə bɔɪ]
• asked: to put a question to someone [æst]

''A pot of yellow rice with fish.

• A: beginning of a statement [ə]
• pot: a container used for cooking [pɑt]
• of: indicating the content or composition [əv]
• yellow rice: rice that has been colored yellow, often with saffron or turmeric [ˈjɛloʊ raɪs]
• with: accompanied by [wɪθ]
• fish: aquatic animal used as food [fɪʃ]

''No.

• No: negative response [noʊ]

I will eat at home.

• I: the speaker or writer [aɪ]
• will: auxiliary verb used to express future tense [wɪl]
• eat: to consume food [it]
• at: indicating a location [æt]
• home: the place where one lives [hoʊm]

''No.

• No: negative response [noʊ]

I will make it later on.

• I: the speaker or writer [aɪ]
• will: auxiliary verb used to express future tense [wɪl]
• make: to create or construct [meɪk]
• it: referring to the fire [ɪt]
• later: at a subsequent time [ˈleɪtər]
• on: continuing an action or activity [ɔn]

''May I take the cast net?''

• May: expressing possibility or permission [meɪ]
• I: the speaker or writer [aɪ]
• take: to get hold of something [teɪk]
• the cast net: a type of fishing net that is thrown out over the water; end of the question [ðə kæst nɛt]

''Of course.''

• Of course: certainly; without a doubt [əv kɔrs]

There was no cast net and the boy remembered when they had sold it.

• There: used to indicate the existence or presence of something [ðɛr]
• was: past tense of 'to be' [wɑz]
• no: not any [noʊ]
• cast net: a type of fishing net that is thrown out over the water [kæst nɛt]
• and: used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• the boy: a young male person [ðə bɔɪ]
• remembered: to recall something from the past [rɪˈmɛmbərd]
• when: at what time [wɪn]
• they: referring to a group of people [ðeɪ]
• had sold: past perfect tense of 'to sell', meaning they sold it before the time being discussed [hæd soʊld]
• it: referring to the cast net [ɪt]

But they went through this fiction every day.

• But: used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts something [bət]
• they: referring to a group of people [ðeɪ]
• went: past tense of 'to go' [wɛnt]
• through: experiencing something [θru]
• this: referring to the situation being discussed [ðɪs]
• fiction: something that is not true [ˈfɪkʃən]
• every day: each day [ˈɛvəri deɪ]

There was no pot of yellow rice and fish and the boy knew this too.

• There: used to indicate the existence or presence of something [ðɛr]
• was: past tense of 'to be' [wɑz]
• no: not any [noʊ]
• pot: a container used for cooking [pɑt]
• of: indicating the content or composition [əv]
• yellow rice: rice that has been colored yellow, often with saffron or turmeric [ˈjɛloʊ raɪs]
• and: used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• fish: aquatic animal used as food [fɪʃ]
• and: used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• the boy: a young male person [ðə bɔɪ]
• knew: past tense of 'to know', meaning to be aware of something [nu]
• this: referring to the situation being discussed [ðɪs]
• too: in addition; also [tu]

''Eighty-five is a lucky number,'' the old man said. ''How would you like to see me bring one in that dressed out over a thousand pounds?''

• Eighty-five: the number 85 [eighty-five]
• is: present tense of 'to be' [ɪz]
• a: indefinite article [ə]
• lucky: having good fortune [ˈləki]
• number: a symbol or word used to represent a quantity [ˈnəmbər]
• the old man: an elderly male person [ðə oʊld mæn]
• said: to utter words [sɛd]
• How: in what way or manner [haʊ]
• would: auxiliary verb used to express a conditional or polite request [wʊd]
• you: the person being addressed [ju]
• like: to find pleasant or agreeable [laɪk]
• to: used to indicate purpose or intention [tɪ]
• see: to perceive with the eyes [si]
• me: the speaker or writer as the object of a verb or preposition [mi]
• bring: to take or carry someone or something to a place [brɪŋ]
• one: referring to a fish [wən]
• in: to catch a fish [ɪn]
• that: referring to the fish [ðət]
• dressed: prepared for cooking [drɛst]
• out: weighing [aʊt]
• over: more than [ˈoʊvər]
• a thousand: the number 1,000 [ə ˈθaʊzənd]
• pounds: a unit of weight; end of the question [paʊnz]

''I'll get the cast net and go for sardines.

• I'll: Contraction of 'I will', indicating a future action by the speaker [aɪl]
• get: to obtain or acquire something [gɪt]
• the cast net: a type of fishing net that is thrown out over the water [ðə kæst nɛt]
• and: a conjunction used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• go: to move or travel [goʊ]
• for: indicating the purpose or object of an action [fər]
• sardines: small, oily fish, often canned [sɑrˈdinz]

''Yes.

• Yes: affirmative response [jɛs]

The boy did not know whether yesterday's paper was a fiction too.

• The: definite article, referring to a specific boy [ðə]
• boy: a young male [bɔɪ]
• did: auxiliary verb used to form the past tense [dɪd]
• not: used to negate a statement [nɑt]
• know: to be aware of something [noʊ]
• whether: expressing a doubt or choice between alternatives [ˈwɛðər]
• yesterday's: belonging to the day before today [ˈjɛstərˌdeɪz]
• paper: a newspaper [ˈpeɪpər]
• was: past tense of 'to be' [wɑz]
• a: indefinite article, referring to any paper [ə]
• fiction: something that is not true or real [ˈfɪkʃən]
• too: also; in addition [tu]

But the old man brought it out from under the bed.

• But: a conjunction used to introduce a contrasting statement [bət]
• the: definite article, referring to a specific old man [ðə]
• old: having lived for a long time [oʊld]
• man: an adult male [mæn]
• brought: past tense of 'bring', meaning to take or carry someone or something to a place [brɔt]
• it: referring to the paper [ɪt]
• out: away from the inside [aʊt]
• from: indicating the origin or source [frəm]
• under: beneath or below [ˈəndər]
• the: definite article, referring to a specific bed [ðə]
• bed: a piece of furniture for sleeping on [bɛd]

''Perico gave it to me at the bodega,'' he explained.

• Perico: a name [perico]
• gave: past tense of 'give', meaning to freely transfer possession of something to someone [geɪv]
• it: referring to the paper [ɪt]
• to: indicating direction or recipient [tɪ]
• me: the speaker or writer [mi]
• at: indicating a location [æt]
• the: definite article, referring to a specific bodega [ðə]
• bodega: a small grocery store, especially in a Spanish-speaking neighborhood [boʊˈdeɪgə]
• he: referring to Perico [hi]
• explained: gave a reason or justification [ɪkˈspleɪnd]

''I'll be back when I have the sardines.

• I'll: contraction of 'I will', indicating a future action by the speaker [aɪl]
• be: to exist or occur [bi]
• back: to return to a place [bæk]
• when: at or during the time that [wɪn]
• I: the speaker or writer [aɪ]
• have: to possess or hold something [hæv]
• the: definite article, referring to specific sardines [ðə]
• sardines: small, oily fish, often canned [sɑrˈdinz]

I'll keep yours and mine together on ice and we can share them in the morning.

• I'll: contraction of 'I will', indicating a future action by the speaker [aɪl]
• keep: to retain possession of [kip]
• yours: belonging to you [jʊrz]
• and: a conjunction used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• mine: belonging to me [maɪn]
• together: in or into one place or group [təˈgɛðər]
• on: supported by or resting on [ɔn]
• ice: frozen water [aɪs]
• and: a conjunction used to connect words or clauses [ənd]
• we: the speaker or writer and one or more other people [wi]
• can: to be able to [kən]
• share: to have a portion of something with another or others [ʃɛr]
• them: referring to the sardines [ðɛm]
• in: indicating a time period [ɪn]
• the: definite article, referring to a specific morning [ðə]
• morning: the early part of the day [ˈmɔrnɪŋ]

''The Yankees cannot lose.''

• The Yankees cannot lose: A statement expressing confidence that the New York Yankees baseball team will not be defeated. [ðə ˈjæŋkiz ˈkænɑt luz]

''But I fear the Indians of Cleveland.''

• But I fear the Indians of Cleveland: Expression of concern or apprehension about the Cleveland Indians baseball team. [bət aɪ fɪr ðə ˈɪndiənz əv ˈklivlənd]